Step Potential and Touch Potentials are very important in substations because during ground faults all the ground current returns to the substation transformer (as the substation transformer is grounded). The current that returns through the earth can create a significant voltage gradient along the ground and between ground and conducting objects.A step potential in substationcreates a path through the legs from one foot to the other. A touch potential in substation is normally considered a hand-to-foot or hand-to-hand contact.
Step potential and touch potentials are of concern during normal conditions and during ground fault.Under normal conditions, unbalanced currents can rise the neutral to earth voltage. This is not normally dangerous but it can cause shocks.
Step potential and Touch potentials during faults are more dangerous. Therefore it is important to reduce the step potential and touch potential to be within limits during the substation design.
Methods to Limit Step Potential and Touch Potential:
Step potentials and touch potentials can be reduced by employing one of the following methods:
Some of the methods employed to reduce step potential and touch potential in substation are:
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